Escalating Unrest Ahead of Elections
The elections in Pakistan-administered Kashmir have been overshadowed by significant unrest and boycotts, leading to a tense atmosphere in the region. As voting commenced in Muzaffarabad, the capital, the city had already experienced days of shutdowns, with streets deserted as residents protested against the electoral process.
The unrest can be traced back to early June when the Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee (JAAC) was banned by authorities for protesting against rising costs and governance issues. Their demonstrations soon evolved into calls for abolishing 12 assembly seats reserved for displaced Kashmiris residing elsewhere in Pakistan.
Phased Elections Amid Clashes
The protests led to a phased electoral process. The first phase occurred on July 27 in the Mirpur division, while the second phase took place on Sunday in Muzaffarabad and the 12 refugee constituencies. The final phase is scheduled for August 10 in Poonch, a JAAC stronghold.
An internet shutdown lasting over 50 days further complicated matters, disrupting campaigning and making it challenging for journalists to report on the situation. Meanwhile, the JAAC has called for a boycott of the elections, with its leaders not participating.
Security Measures and Casualties
Heavy security was deployed during the elections, with paramilitary forces and police present throughout Muzaffarabad. Markets and public services were closed, and transport services were suspended as sporadic violence continued.
Casualty reports vary, with rights groups claiming over 50 deaths, including seven security personnel, while the JAAC alleges more than 60 civilian deaths. The government has not released an official death toll. Allegations have been made against law enforcement for excessive force, which they deny, stating that violent elements used weapons against them.
Public Sentiment and Allegations of Rigging
Many residents viewed the elections as an opportunity to express dissatisfaction with the political establishment, which they accuse of exploitation. Some voters expressed disillusionment and anger over the government's actions against protesters.
Despite these sentiments, some individuals, like Yasir Josh, chose to participate, voting for the Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) to counter the perceived dominance of the Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PMLN).
In some constituencies, voting was postponed due to severe weather conditions and blocked access, allegedly by protesters. The PPP accused the PMLN of attacking one of its workers, a claim the PMLN denied, attributing the death to a cardiac arrest following a scuffle.
Turnout and Moving Forward
Election officials reported nearly a 50% voter turnout, a slight increase from the first phase but lower than previous elections. Chief Election Commissioner Ghulam Mustafa Mughal expressed gratitude for completing two phases despite the challenges. The results so far have given the PMLN a majority of the declared seats, with the PPP securing a smaller portion.
Attention now shifts to the Poonch division, where further protests and marches are anticipated as the final phase approaches. The situation remains volatile, with observers closely watching how events unfold in the coming days.
